Day 260 of Year 6 Low-SOS Vegan Plan (DAY 280 COVID-19 LOCKDOWN)

EXERCISE:
* Rest

WATER: (3) × (25) = 75 oz

EATS:
* few raw almonds
* orange juice
* apple sauce
* sourdough baugette w/ avocado
* smoky potato chickpea stew (my son created a new term for my oil-free water saute’… waute’… I love it!)
* choco XL-cookies
* more chickpea stew served w/ brown rice
* XL-icee beverage

… SUN HAS SET …

Cmmt: XL indicates uncommon extravagantly luscious food

[Calif still on four-tier, color-coded covid system, in addition to new curfew for purple counties: all non-essential work, movement and gatherings are prohibited between 10pm – 5am. In an attempt to free up ICU beds restaurants’ outdoor dining is closing down, non-essential businesses closing, essential businesses reducing occupancy indoors. Hospitals getting crowded as we enter winter months. Long lines outside markets, even for drive-thru pick ups.]

Global Infection Fatality Study

December 8, 2020

Assessing the age specificity of infection fatality rates for COVID-19: systematic review, meta-analysis, and public policy implications

Before we begin let us define the difference between case fatality rate (CFR) and infection fatality rate (IFR).

CFR is the ratio of the number of deaths divided by the number of confirmed (preferably by nucleic acid testing) cases of disease.

IFR is the ratio of deaths divided by the number of actual infections with SARS-CoV-2.

And let’s define:

Seroprevalence is the level of a pathogen in a population, as measured in blood serum.

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10654-020-00698-1

While the NYC data indicate a population IFR of about 1%, seroprevalence estimates from other locations have yielded a wide array of population IFR estimates, ranging from about 0.6% in Geneva to levels exceeding 2% in northern Italy. Such estimates have fueled intense controversy about the severity of COVID-19 and the appropriate design of public health measures to contain it, which in turn hinges on whether the hazards of this disease are mostly limited to the elderly and infirm. Indeed, a recent meta-analysis noted the high degree of heterogeneity across aggregate estimates of IFR and concluded that research on age-stratified IFR is “urgently needed to inform policymaking.”

.

Editor:

Contrapositive Infection Survival Rate by Age:
0-29 years: 99.997%
30-39 years: 99.963%
40-49 years: 99.88%
50-59 years: 99.59%
60-69 years: 98.6%
70-79 years: 95.4%
80+ years: 84.5%%

.

The exponential pattern of our age-specific IFR estimates is qualitatively similar to that of case fatality rates (CFRs). However, the relative magnitudes are systematically different, reflecting the extent to which asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic cases are much more common in younger adults than in middle-aged and older adults. For example, the ratio of CFR to IFR is about 15:1 for ages 30–49, about 7:1 for ages 50–69, and about 5:1 for ages 70–79 years

.

Our analysis finds a exponential relationship between age and IFR for COVID-19. The estimated age-specific IFR is very low for children and younger adults (e.g., 0.002% at age 10 and 0.01% at age 25) but increases progressively to 0.4% at age 55, 1.4% at age 65, 4.6% at age 75, and 15% at age 85.

.

.

This paper reports on a systematic review and meta-analysis of age-specific IFRs for COVID-19. We specifically consider the hypothesis that the observed variation in IFR across locations may primarily reflect the age specificity of COVID-19 infections and fatalities. Based on these findings, we are able to assess and contextualize the severity of COVID-19 and examine how age-specific prevalence affects the population IFR and the total incidence of fatalities.

.

Likewise, our metaregression does not include measures of comorbidities such as diabetes or obesity.

.

Another limitation of our meta-analysis is that we have focused exclusively on assessing IFRs in advanced economies to facilitate comparability regarding health care provision and reporting of fatalities. Nonetheless, it is absolutely clear that the COVID-19 pandemic has had devastating consequences for lower-income and developing countries. For example, as of late October 2020, the reported COVID-19 death counts were nearly 160 thousand in Brazil, 120 thousand in India, and 90 thousand in Mexico. And in many countries, measures of excess mortality are much higher than official tabulations of COVID-19 fatalities.

.

Consequently, analysis of prevalence and IFR is urgently needed to provide guidance to public health officials in developing countries. However, the core findings of our meta-analysis may well be relevant even in those contexts. For example, recent prevalence studies of Manaus, Brazil found that about 66% of the population was infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus between March and August 2020. As of October, Manaus (a city with 1.8 million inhabitants) had 2853 confirmed COVID-19 deaths. That outcome is remarkably consistent with our analysis, because nearly 90% of Manaus residents are under 50 years of age. Indeed, using the age structure of the Manaus population and assuming uniform prevalence of infections across age groups, our metaregression predicts a population IFR of 0.22% that is practically indistinguishable from the observed outcome of 0.2%. Thus, our analysis provides a coherent explanation why Manaus was much less severely impacted by the pandemic compared to other locations with larger numbers of middle-aged and older adults.

.

One key implication of our findings is that the incidence of fatalities from a COVID-19 outbreak depends crucially on the age groups that are infected, which in turn reflects the age structure of that population and the extent to which public health measures limit the incidence of infections among vulnerable age groups.

.

Editor:
Morbidity rate is defined as the measure of
illness, rather than mortality. Covid-19 can cause extended illness in people with advanced age, excess weight and pre-existing medical conditions. It is important for this reason (morbidity, as well as mortality) to avoid exposure to the virus.

Day 259 of Year 6 Low-SOS Vegan Plan (DAY 279 COVID-19 LOCKDOWN)

EXERCISE:
* Jog outdoors 5k w/ face exercise

WATER: (3) × (25) = 75 oz

EATS:
* banana
* raw pecans w/ few vegan XL-choco-chips
* few raw almonds
* vegan pineapple pizza
* tossed salad
* sliced oranges

… SUN HAS SET …

Cmmt: XL indicates uncommon extravagantly luscious food

[Calif still on four-tier, color-coded covid system, in addition to new curfew for purple counties: all non-essential work, movement and gatherings are prohibited between 10pm – 5am. In an attempt to free up ICU beds restaurants’ outdoor dining is closing down, non-essential businesses closing, essential businesses reducing occupancy indoors. Hospitals getting crowded as we enter winter months. Long lines outside markets, even for drive-thru pick ups.]

Day 258 of Year 6 Low-SOS Vegan Plan (DAY 278 COVID-19 LOCKDOWN)

EXERCISE:
* Jog outdoors 5k w/ face exercise
* Lift Abs

WATER: (3) × (25) = 75 oz

EATS:
* leftover choco birthday XL-cake
* banana
* very veggie spaghetti w/ high fiber pasta
* steamed broccoli
* bbq veggie hybrid burger on English muffin
* bbq corn on cob
*plain sparkling water w/ shots of soft XL-drink

… SUN HAS SET …

Cmmt: XL indicates uncommon extravagantly luscious food

[Calif still on four-tier, color-coded covid system, in addition to new curfew for purple counties: all non-essential work, movement and gatherings are prohibited between 10pm – 5am. In an attempt to free up ICU beds restaurants’ outdoor dining is closing down, non-essential businesses closing, essential businesses reducing occupancy indoors. Hospitals getting crowded as we enter winter months. Long lines outside markets, even for drive-thru pick ups.]

Vaccine Debate (do your own homework)

https://youtu.be/soIrKqnEykY

Unlike most vaccines which are a modified virus or viral protein to elicit an immune response, the Moderna and Pfizer vaccines use messenger RNA, mRNA, to instruct the body to begin defending itself against COVID-19.

“What’s different about mRNA is it’s a genetic vaccine,” Dr. Weissman told Action News.

https://6abc.com/covid-19-vaccines-moderna-pfizer-university-of-pennsylvania/8882216